Quick field summary
The Coal tit is a small, energetic garden bird known for its distinctive black and white head markings and swift movements. It is the UK's smallest tit and often spotted at feeders.
How to identify Coal tit
Small bird with black cap and bib, white cheeks, and greyish back; flitting about branches with quick movements.
- Black cap and bib
- White cheeks and nape patch
- Small white wing bar
- Grey back with slight greenish tint
- High-pitched thin call
Habitat, range and timing
Common in coniferous and mixed woodlands across the UK, often found visiting garden feeders especially in winter.
Widely distributed throughout the UK, more common in Scotland and northern England; resident all year round.
- Scottish Highlands
- Lake District
- Peak District
- North York Moors
- New Forest
Song, movement and nesting
A high-pitched 'see-see-see' call and a rapid, thin song used to communicate and claim territory.
Nests in tree holes or crevices, lining with moss and feathers; clutch of 7-11 eggs laid in spring.
Photos and plumage details
Similar birds
Use shape, plumage and habitat together to separate close matches in the field.
Discover more British birds
Browse a few more field guides and keep building your knowledge of the birds around you.
Common questions
What do Coal tits eat?
They mainly eat insects, spiders, small invertebrates, and occasionally berries and seeds.
How can I attract Coal tits to my garden?
Provide sunflower hearts, peanuts, and suet in feeders especially during colder months.
Are Coal tits migratory?
No, they are resident birds throughout the UK.
How to identify a Coal tit from a Blue tit?
Coal tits have a smaller white patch on the nape and lack the bright blue cap of the Blue tit.
What is the typical lifespan of a Coal tit?
They usually live between 2 and 5 years in the wild.