Quick field summary
The Hen Harrier is a slender, elegant bird of prey, known for its distinctive low, gliding flight over moorland and open countryside. Often seen quartering hunting grounds in the UK, it is a key species of conservation concern with striking male and female plumages.
How to identify Hen Harrier
Slender build with long wings and tail Males grey with black wingtips Females and juveniles brown with streaked underparts Distinctive low, moth-like flight pattern Bright yellow eyes and facial disc
- Male grey plumage with black wing tips
- Female and juvenile brown streaked bodies
- Long, slender tail and wings held in a shallow V in flight
- Low, gliding hunting flight
- Bright yellow eyes contrasting with face
Habitat, range and timing
Peak District North York Moors Scottish Highlands Dartmoor Lake District
Hen Harriers breed mainly in upland moorlands across the UK, with a core distribution in Scotland and scattered populations in northern England and Wales. They are mostly resident year-round but some southern birds disperse in winter.
- Scottish Highlands
- Peak District
- North York Moors
- Dartmoor
- Lake District
Song, movement and nesting
Silent for much of the year but males give a nasal 'kik-kik' call in the breeding season.
Nests are built on the ground, usually among heather or rough grass in remote upland areas; clutch size is typically 4-6 eggs.
Photos and plumage details
Similar birds
Use shape, plumage and habitat together to separate close matches in the field.
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Common questions
What is the Hen Harrier's call?
Mostly silent; males give a distinctive nasal call during breeding.
Where do Hen Harriers nest?
On the ground in open moorland or heathland.
Why are Hen Harriers endangered?
Mainly due to habitat loss and illegal persecution.
What do Hen Harriers eat?
Small mammals, birds and large insects.
When is the best time to see Hen Harriers?
In spring and summer during the breeding season.